Biomarker identification is the process of discovering and validating specific molecules, genes, proteins, or other biological indicators that can be used to diagnose, monitor, or predict the progression of a disease or response to a treatment. Biomarkers are often used in research and clinical settings to help improve early detection, diagnosis, and personalized treatment plans for patients. The identification of biomarkers involves analyzing biological samples from individuals with a particular condition or disease, comparing them to samples from healthy individuals, and identifying differences that can be used to develop diagnostic tests or therapeutic targets. This research area is critical for advancing precision medicine and improving patient outcomes.